SBÜ Rektör Yardımcısı Kulak Burun Boğaz Uzmanı Prof. Dr. Gerek, “2050’ye kadar gerekli önlemler alınmazsa 900 milyondan fazla insanın, başka bir deyişle her on kişiden birinin işitme engeline sahip olacağı tahmin edilmektedir.” dedi.
Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi (SBÜ) Rektör Yardımcısı Kulak Burun Boğaz Uzmanı Prof. Dr. Mustafa Gerek, dünya nüfusunun yüzde 5 ila 9’undan fazlasının, yaklaşık 466 milyon insanın işitme engeline sahip olduğunu belirterek, bu rakamın gerekli önlemler alınmazsa 2050’ye kadar 900 milyonu aşacağının, böylece her on kişiden birinin işitme engeline sahip olacağının tahmin edildiğini bildirdi.
Prof. Dr. Gerek, AA muhabirine, Dünya Kulak ve İşitme Günü dolayısıyla yaptığı açıklamada, her yıl 3 Mart’ta, sağırlık ve işitme kaybının nasıl önleneceği ve dünyadaki kulak sağlığı ve işitme kaybının nasıl destekleneceği konusunda farkındalık oluşturmak amacıyla çeşitli etkinlikler düzenlendiğini aktardı.
Bu yılki temayla da işitme kaybında erken teşhis ve müdahalenin önemine dikkat çekilmek istendiğine işaret eden Gerek, “Hedefimiz, özellikle 50 yaşın üzerindeki yetişkinler, gürültülü yerlerde çalışanlar, uzun süre yüksek sesle müzik dinleyenler ve kulak problemi olanların işitmelerini değerlendirmek; işitme kabı olanlara erken tanı tedavi ve rehabilitasyon imkanlarından yararlandırmak şeklinde belirlenmiştir.” ifadelerini kullandı.
Mustafa Gerek, işitme kayıplarının, yenidoğan bebeklerden yaşlılara kadar tüm yaş gruplarını etkileyebilen bir sorun olduğunu vurgulayarak, şu bilgileri verdi:
“Dünya nüfusunun yüzde 5 ila 9’undan fazlası, yani yaklaşık 466 milyon insan, işitme engeline sahiptir. Bunun 432 milyonu yetişkin, 34 milyonu ise çocuktur. 2050’ye kadar gerekli önlemler alınmazsa 900 milyondan fazla insanın, başka bir deyişle her on kişiden birinin işitme engeline sahip olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. İşitme kayıpları bebeklerde ve çocuklarda dil ve konuşma gelişiminde, sosyal ve emosyonel gelişimde, akademik başarıda, yetişkinlerde ve yaşlılarda ise sosyal ve mesleki hayatta problemlere yol açabilir. Özellikle bebeklere, işitme ve konuşma için kritik dönem olan ilk 2 yaşta müdahale edilmesi, çocuğun işitme ve konuşma engelli bir birey olmaktan çıkıp topluma normal bir birey olarak kazandırılmasını sağlamaktadır.”
“Türkiye, yeni doğan işitme taraması programını başarıyla uyguluyor”
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Gerek, son yıllarda Türkiye’de de oldukça yaygın ve başarılı şekilde uygulanan “yeni doğan işitme taraması programı” ile yeni doğan döneminde işitme kayıplı bebeklere 1. aydan önce işitme taraması yapıldığını, 3. aydan önce ise işitme kaybı tanısı konulabildiğini, 6. aydan önce de işitme cihazı ve işitsel terapiyle uygun müdahalenin yapılabildiğine dikkati çekerek, şunları kaydetti:
“Öte yandan, 1 yaş civarında da ileri, çok ileri derecede işitme kaybı olan bebeklere koklear implant (biyonik kulak) ameliyatı yapılabilmekte ve direk işitme siniri uyarılarak bebeklerin yaşıtlarıyla benzer gelişim göstermesi sağlanabilmektedir. Bu teknoloji belki de tıp alanında son yıllardaki en önemli gelişmedir. Eğer çocukta iç kulak hiç gelişmemişse, işitme siniri olmasa bile direkt beyin sapındaki işitme merkezine bir elektrot yerleştirilerek (beyin sapı implantı) duyma sağlanabilir. Ayrıca tüm dünyada gen tedavisi ve sinir hücresi koruyucu maddelerin (nörotropin veya transforming growth factor) kullanımı ile ilgili çalışmalar devam etmektedir.”
“İşitme kaybına yol açan faktörlerin yüzde 60’ı önlenebilir”
Gerek, işitme ve işitme cihazı sektörünün de sürekli gelişen bir yapıya sahip olduğunu dile getirerek, “Yıllar içerisinde teknolojinin gelişmesiyle cihazların boyutları, dayanıklılıkları ve en önemlisi ses kaliteleri de gelişerek çok daha kaliteli bir hale gelmiştir. İşitme cihazları gibi yardımcı dinleme sistemleri de (FM sistemleri) işitme kayıplı bireylerin gürültülü ortamdaki konforlarını arttırmaktadır.” dedi.
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün işitme kaybına yol açan faktörlerin yüzde 60’ının önlenebildiğini belirttiğini dile getiren Gerek, ayrıca yenidoğan döneminde işitme tarama programlarının uygulanmasını, özellikle kızamık, menenjit, kabakulak ve kızamıkçık aşılarının tam olmasını, tüm yaş dönemlerinde ototoksik (iç kulağa zarar verici) ilaç kullanımından kaçınılmasını veya doktor kontrolünde uygulamasını, özellikle çocukluk çağında karşılaşılan orta kulak iltihabı için erken ve etkin tedavilerin yapılmasını ve yüksek sese maruz kalınan ortamlardan kaçınılmasını tavsiye ettiğini kaydetti.
Prof. Dr. Gerek, “Son olarak televizyon sesini çok açmak, telefon konuşmalarının anlaşılmasında zorlanmak, ortam gürültüsü varlığında işitmede güçlük çekmek, söylenilenleri sıklıkla tekrar ettirmek, karşısındakinin söylediğini yanlış anlamak, kulaklarda çınlama gibi şikayetlerin varlığı durumunda mutlaka kulak burun boğaz hekimine başvurulmalı ve detaylı değerlendirme yapılmalıdır.” diyerek, sözlerini tamamladı.
AA
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